James Gabriel Huquier (1730–1805), was a French engraver, printseller who later emigrated to England, where he gained recognition for his small-scale pastel portraits of British sitters. Born in Paris to the prominent Rococo engraver Gabriel Huquier (1695–1772) and Marie-Anne Desvignes, he trained in engraving and initially collaborated with family members in the print trade.

In 1758, Huquier married Anne-Louise Chéreau, daughter of the engraver Jacques Chéreau, and together they operated a print-selling business on rue Saint-Jacques in Paris, dealing in works after artists such as François Boucher, Antoine Watteau, and Charles-Joseph Natoire, while also producing so-called "optical prints" and devotional prints for export markets.

By the 1760s, he expanded into pastels, fan production, and wallpaper manufacturing, establishing a factory around 1766, though financial troubles led to creditor arrangements in 1763 and a major auction of his assets in 1768.

Facing exile reportedly due to an anti-Jesuit publication, Huquier left France permanently in 1772, abandoning his wife (who died in 1775) and three daughters, and resettled in England, initially in London before traveling to cities like Oxford, Bath, and Shrewsbury.