Browse Listings in America
![[How the Indians mined the silver at Pitosi.]](/uploads/cache/40482-250x250.jpg)
[How the Indians mined the silver at Pitosi.]
The mountain shown here is probably the Cerro Rico, which stand above the city of Potosí and has the distinction of being the richest mountain in all the Americas. The I...
- $100 / ≈ €94
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[The strange sheep-like creatures that carried the silver .]](/uploads/cache/40481-250x250.jpg)
[The strange sheep-like creatures that carried the silver .]
When the Spanish discovered the silver mines of Potosí, they organised the transporting of the rich ore, westward by llama trains across the Altiplano and down to Arica ...
- $80 / ≈ €75
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Collective suicide under Spanish rule.]](/uploads/cache/40480-250x250.jpg)
[Collective suicide under Spanish rule.]
The natives of Hispaniola, who saw no end to the fearful oppression of Spanish rule, preferred death. So many, devoid of all hope, went into the woods to kill their child...
- $80 / ≈ €75
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Columbus lands on the Island of San Salvador.]](/uploads/cache/40479-250x250.jpg)
[Columbus lands on the Island of San Salvador.]
On 12th October 1492, after 33 days at sea, Columbus sighted land. His three ships made their way round the south-west point of an island Columbus named San Salvador - be...
- $100 / ≈ €94
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[How the women tease their captives.]](/uploads/cache/40478-250x250.jpg)
[How the women tease their captives.]
The Indian women led their captive, Staden, into the middle of the hamlet. Then they decorated his head with feathers and his legs with rattles. After forming a circle ro...
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[How the Indians cross the river.]](/uploads/cache/40477-250x250.jpg)
[How the Indians cross the river.]
The Indians of Peru had strange ways of crossing rivers. They tied a rope between two poles on either side of a river, then they hung a large basket from this rope and wh...
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Mutiny in Jamaica.]](/uploads/cache/40475-250x250.jpg)
[Mutiny in Jamaica.]
On 29th May 1504, Columbus entered St. Ann’s Bay, Jamaica, but the Porras brothers and a number of Spanish soldiers on the island prevented him from coming ashore and t...
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Ralegh arrives at Orocotona.]](/uploads/cache/40468-250x250.jpg)
[Ralegh arrives at Orocotona.]
On reaching the rapids of the Caroní, further up the Orinoco, Ralegh’s expedition was unable to proceed further by river, so they continued overland, eventually arrivi...
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[The manner of making their boats.]](/uploads/cache/40467-250x250.jpg)
[The manner of making their boats.]
The manner of making boats in Virginia is wonderful to behold. They were able to do so without using any iron tool at all. First they chose a tall tree, wide enough for a...
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
Freti Magellanici ac novi Freti vulgo Le Maire. . .
A fine map of Tierra del Fuego. With an explanatory text of the passage by Barent Jansz. Potgieter who accompanied captain Sebald de Weert to the Straits in 1599/1600, be...
- $800 / ≈ €749
Place & Date: Amsterdam, ca. 1633
![[Montezuma's dream as told by a labourer, predicts calamties to come.]](/uploads/cache/40371-250x250.jpg)
[Montezuma's dream as told by a labourer, predicts calamties to come.]
An apocalyptic scene of Montzuma's dream .In 1631 Johann Ludwig Gottfried, inherited the Theodor De Bry’s publishing firm, among the illustrated accounts of the expedit...
- $100 / ≈ €94
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Natives of America offering Vaso Balbao gold.]](/uploads/cache/40362-250x250.jpg)
[Natives of America offering Vaso Balbao gold.]
This early engraving shows natives of America offering Vaso Balbao gold. In 1511, Nuñez de Balboa formed a colony on the banks of the Atrato, in the Gulf of Uraba. Two y...
- $100 / ≈ €94
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Nicaraguan's dancing.]](/uploads/cache/40361-250x250.jpg)
[Nicaraguan's dancing.]
Each province organized its own festivities and people would come to a place of open land therein, which had been swept clean for dancing. The dancers were accompanied by...
- $100 / ≈ €94
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[English attack Praia.]](/uploads/cache/39900-250x250.jpg)
[English attack Praia.]
Scarce print with German text sheet showing the English attack on Praia. On 16 November, 1585, during Francis Drake’s round-the-world voyage, his fleet anchored off San...
- $150 / ≈ €140
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Dutch attack the fortress of Praia.]](/uploads/cache/39901-250x250.jpg)
[Dutch attack the fortress of Praia.]
Scarce print with German text sheet showing the Dutch attack on Praia.On 27th June 1589, Simon de Cordes left Holland with five ships, bound for the Magellan Straits. On ...
- $80 / ≈ €75
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Indian caciques are held for ransom.]](/uploads/cache/40360-250x250.jpg)
[Indian caciques are held for ransom.]
Gutierrez held the Indian caciques ransom. He said they would be released in exchange for enough gold to fill a basket six times over. Later, some of the Indians bought g...
- $100 / ≈ €94
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[The Dutch covalesce on the Isle Santa Clara.]](/uploads/cache/40359-250x250.jpg)
[The Dutch covalesce on the Isle Santa Clara.]
Many of the Dutch were in poor health after their Atlantic crossing and when they found an island to the north of Rio de Janeiro, called Santa Clara, (I. do Francez) they...
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Columbus taken prisoner, and sent back to Spain.]](/uploads/cache/40358-250x250.jpg)
[Columbus taken prisoner, and sent back to Spain.]
This engraving depicts the arrest of Columbus and his brothers. Bobadilla (sent by Spain, at Columbus’ request, to settle a revolt) reached Santo Domingo August 23, 150...
- $100 / ≈ €94
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Last of the Pizzaro brothers killed.]](/uploads/cache/40356-250x250.jpg)
[Last of the Pizzaro brothers killed.]
Conflict between Gonzalo Pizarro and the latest officially appointed governor of Peru, Pedro de la Gasca, reached a climax in 1548 when Gasca’s forces crossed the Apuri...
- $80 / ≈ €75
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
S. Jago.
Scarce print with German text sheet showing the Dutch at Santiago. The Dutch were invited to visit the harbour, about two miles along the coast. On arrival, they found it...
- $100 / ≈ €94
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Royal Governor of Peru is killed.]](/uploads/cache/40355-250x250.jpg)
[Royal Governor of Peru is killed.]
Life under the new governor, Vaca de Castro, was no more stable than before and the king of Spain was eventually forced to send out yet another governor to replace him. H...
- $100 / ≈ €94
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Diego de Almagro is killed.]](/uploads/cache/40354-250x250.jpg)
[Diego de Almagro is killed.]
Almagro returned to Cuzco, disillusioned and embittered from his long and fruitless journey south into Chile, where he had been searching for further wealth. This led to ...
- $80 / ≈ €75
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Incas lay siege to Cusco.]](/uploads/cache/40353-250x250.jpg)
[Incas lay siege to Cusco.]
Atahualpa’s brother, Manco, organized a long and bloody siege to reoccupy the Inca capital, which eventually spread to open rebellion throughout the land. Pizarro, who ...
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Atahualpa captured by Spanish.]](/uploads/cache/40352-250x250.jpg)
[Atahualpa captured by Spanish.]
Accompanying Pizarro was a monk called Valverde, who confronted Atahualpa with a crucifix and breviary. The interpreter said the Spanish had been sent by their emperor to...
- $80 / ≈ €75
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Isle la Moche].](/uploads/cache/39909-250x250.jpg)
[Isle la Moche].
Scarce print with a German text sheet showing the Dutch fleet anchored off the Island of Mocha, near Concepción in Chile. The islanders sat on wooden stumps and watched ...
- $100 / ≈ €94
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Cavendish reaches Morro Moreno.]](/uploads/cache/39910-250x250.jpg)
[Cavendish reaches Morro Moreno.]
Scarce print with a German text sheet showing Cavendish’s fleet anchor at a place called Morro Moreno, on the coast of Chile. The Indians came down from the high cliffs...
- $80 / ≈ €75
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Revenge for Juan de Ayola's death.]](/uploads/cache/40083-250x250.jpg)
[Revenge for Juan de Ayola's death.]
During Ayolas’s travels in Paraguay, he founded the fort at La Candelaria, near Corumba but later, while returning to Asunción, he and his entire party were killed by ...
- $120 / ≈ €112
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[The ritual of the killing.]](/uploads/cache/40081-250x250.jpg)
[The ritual of the killing.]
On the day of the killing, the rope is untied from the prisoner’s neck, then put round his body and pulled tightly from both ends. A fire burns in front of the prisoner...
- $150 / ≈ €140
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[How Incas wrought their gold.]](/uploads/cache/40080-250x250.jpg)
[How Incas wrought their gold.]
The goldsmiths of Huayna-Capac were master craftsmen who wrought gold into magnificent artefacts with the simplest of tools. They used clay furnaces, heated by coals and ...
- $200 / ≈ €187
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Indian market at Cartagena.]](/uploads/cache/40078-250x250.jpg)
[Indian market at Cartagena.]
The natives of the province of Cartagena had plenty of fruit, fish, salt and peppers, which they exchanged for other necessities of life. In times of peace, the natives o...
- $120 / ≈ €112
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Indians attacked near Cartagena.]](/uploads/cache/40076-250x250.jpg)
[Indians attacked near Cartagena.]
When the governor of Cartagena, Alonso de Ojeda, led a party of Spanish soldiers into the interior to search for gold, they were attacked by Indians with such ferocity th...
- $125 / ≈ €117
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Staden forecasts an Indian attack.]](/uploads/cache/40067-250x250.jpg)
[Staden forecasts an Indian attack.]
Staden told the Indian chief that he could tell the future and, who lived in the nearby village of ‘Arirab’ (probably Cairussú). He predicted an attack from rival In...
- $150 / ≈ €140
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Rituals for those that were dying.]](/uploads/cache/40066-250x250.jpg)
[Rituals for those that were dying.]
When one of the villagers was dying, the others would not feed or care for him but sing and danced as usual. Once he was dead though, the women would start lamenting by h...
- $200 / ≈ €187
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[A Typical Tupi Feast.]](/uploads/cache/40065-250x250.jpg)
[A Typical Tupi Feast.]
Once a year the Indians from all the surrounding villages would get together for a feast. With decorative head-dresses, cloaks and belts of colored feathers, three or fou...
- $200 / ≈ €187
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Moose].](/uploads/cache/40180-250x250.jpg)
[Moose].
Scarce print (150x177mm.) of a Moose on a German text sheet taken from a first edition of Johann Ludwig Gottfried's "Newe Welt Vnd Americanische Historien/ Jnhaltend...
- $100 / ≈ €94
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Murder of Dominican monks in Cumana or Cubagua Island].](/uploads/cache/40177-250x250.jpg)
[Murder of Dominican monks in Cumana or Cubagua Island].
Murder of Dominican monks in Cumana or Cubagua Island in what is now Venezuela. Scarce print (150x177mm.) on a German text sheet taken from a first edition of Johann Ludw...
- $80 / ≈ €75
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[American history plate].](/uploads/cache/40176-250x250.jpg)
[American history plate].
Scarce print (150x177mm.) on a German text sheet taken from a first edition of Johann Ludwig Gottfried's "Newe Welt Vnd Americanische Historien/ Jnhaltende Warhaffti...
- $80 / ≈ €75
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Captain Weert dines with the Chief].](/uploads/cache/39922-250x250.jpg)
[Captain Weert dines with the Chief].
Scarce print with a German text sheet. Captain Weert and the chief ate modestly on roast plantain, smoked fish and wine fermented from palm, bought by a local woman. Howe...
- $80 / ≈ €75
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[French seizure of Chiorera.]](/uploads/cache/39911-250x250.jpg)
[French seizure of Chiorera.]
Scarce print with a German text sheet showing the French torching and looting Chiorera. From de Bry's "Great American Voyages". Johann Theodor de Bry (1561-1623...
- $80 / ≈ €75
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Religious ritual on Hispaniola].](/uploads/cache/39921-250x250.jpg)
[Religious ritual on Hispaniola].
Scarce print with a German text sheet.On certain feast-days the Indian cacique, while beating a drum, led a procession of his people to the worship of their idol, which w...
- $80 / ≈ €75
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Sir Walter Ralegh meets the King of Arromaia].](/uploads/cache/39916-250x250.jpg)
[Sir Walter Ralegh meets the King of Arromaia].
Scarce print with a German text sheet. During Ralegh’s voyage up the Orinoco in search of El Dorado, he met an old man who said he was the king of Arromaia. He claimed ...
- $125 / ≈ €117
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
![[Black slaves escape punishment].](/uploads/cache/39920-250x250.jpg)
[Black slaves escape punishment].
Scarce print with a German text sheet. Many Black slaves, weary of ill treatment, managed to escape Spanish captivity and freely wandered the island, breaking into prison...
- $80 / ≈ €75
Place & Date: Frankfurt, M.Merian, 1633
Paraguay o Prov. de Rio de la Plata cum regionibus adiacentibus Tucuman et Sta. Cruz de la Sierra.
Blaeu's map of the Rio de la Plata region of South America. Originally engraved for Jodocus Hondius II, at his death in August 1629 this map was, among 39 other copper pl...
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1634
Venezuela cum parte Australi Novae Andalusiae.
German text on verso. A finely engraved, decorative map of Venezuela. The islands of Trinidad and Tobago, Margarita, Aruba, and Curaçao are shown. With a decorative titl...
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1634
Insulae Americanae in Oceano Septentrionali cum Terris adiacentibus.
General map of the West Indies extending from Virginia to the mouth of the Orinoco, and destined to be copied in various shapes by many other publishers. Title cartouche ...
- $1000 / ≈ €936
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1635
Mappa Aestivarum Insularum alias Barmudas.
Blaeu based his work on John Speed's remarkably accurate map of 1626-1627. It shows the island divided into tribes and lots, and below the map itself appear the names of ...
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1635
Terra Firma et Novum Regnum Granatense et Popayan.
A handsome map of modern-day Panama and Colombia. The cartouches and decoration are colored in an artistic way. Very fine and rare with this type of coloring.From "l...
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1635-1638
Insulae Americanae in Oceano Septentrionali cum Terris adiacentibus.
General map of the West Indies extending from Virginia to the mouth of the Orinoco, and destined to be copied in various shapes by many other publishers.Title cartouche t...
- $1800 / ≈ €1684
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1638
Guiana sive Amazonum Regio.
Willem Blaeu’s decorative map of the Guianas, Lake Parima (Parime Lacus), and the route to El Dorado was initially issued in 1630 (with some variants were published wel...
- $400 / ≈ €374
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1638
Virginiae Partis Australis, et Floridae Partis Orientalis.
Blaeu based this map on the Mercator-Hondius of 1606. A number of geographical improvements, however were incorporated, although two large fictions lakes accompanied by e...
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1640
Mappa Aestivarum Insularum, alias Barmudas..
This magnificent map is based on the famous survey by John Norwood of the Bermuda Company in 1618. The map shows the division into the original Tribes and shows the vario...
- $2000 / ≈ €1871
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1640
Terra Firma et Novum regnum Granatense et Propayan.
Fine copy, with wide margins of this handsome map of the Isthmus of Panama and northwestern South America including most of present day Columbia and part of Venezuela. Te...
- $400 / ≈ €374
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1640
Virginiae Partis Australis, et Floridae Partis Orientalis.
Blaeu based this map on the Mercator-Hondius of 1606. A number of geographical improvements, however were incorporated, although two large fictions lakes accompanied by e...
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1640
Guiana sive Amazonum Regio.
Nice map extending from the Isla Margarita in the northwest to the coast of northern Brazil near Sao Luis east of the Amazon delta. The map locates at its center a large ...
- $500 / ≈ €468
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1640
Nova Virginiae Tabula.
A fine example of Blaeu's map of Virginia and the Chesapeake region is based on the first state of Smith's map, 1612, and is slightly larger and more expertly engraved.Th...
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1640
Virginiae Partis Australis, et Floridae Partis Orientalis.
Blaeu based this map on the Mercator-Hondius of 1606. A number of geographical improvements, however were incorporated, although two large fictions lakes accompanied by e...
- $1800 / ≈ €1684
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1640
Peru.
FIRST EDITION, FIRST ISSUE OF THIS MAP. Decorated with ships and monsters in the sea. Orientated with east at the top. With the signature of G. Blaeuw lower right corner....
- $1000 / ≈ €936
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1644
Americae Nova Tabula.
An inset shows Greenland and Iceland. Decorative elements include ships, sea monsters, and vignettes of native Americans within South America. In addition, the map is bor...
- $7500 / ≈ €7018
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1644
Nova Belgica et Anglia Nova.
Orientated with north to the right. This is one of the earliest maps to concentrate solely on this area of the colonies, excluding Virginia and the extreme north east coa...
- $4500 / ≈ €4211
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1644
Chili.
Willem Blaeu's very decorative map of Chili with two large and beautiful cartouches, a compass and ships. From early on Willem Jansz. Blaeu aimed of publishing an atlas ...
- $900 / ≈ €842
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1644
Tabula Magellanica.
A map with Willem Blaeu's signature, but published by his son Joan, of South America's extremity. A dedication to Constantijn Huygens. From early on Willem Jansz. Blaeu ...
- $1000 / ≈ €936
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1644
Paraguayo prov. de Rio de La Plata cum regionibus..
A beautiful map of Paraguay, and parts of Peru, Chile, Argentina, Brazil and Bolivia. Much of the area was still "Terra Incognita" so there are few towns and ci...
- $500 / ≈ €468
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1644
Venezuela cum parte Australi Novae Andalusiae.
A finely engraved, decorative map of Venezuela. The islands of Trinidad and Tobago, Margarita, Aruba and Curaçao are shown. Local animals are depicted, sheep, birds, mon...
- $1100 / ≈ €1029
Place & Date: Amsterdam, ca. 1644
Terra Firma et Novum regnum Granatense et Propayan.
Handsome map of the Isthmus of Panama and north-western South America, including most of present day Columbia and part of Venezuela.Terra Firma is Panama, Veragua is Cost...
- $350 / ≈ €328
Place & Date: Amsterdam, ca. 1644
Nova Hispania et Nova Galicia.
Map of New Spain and New Galicia shows the city of Mexico situated by a large lake, as well as the location of many silver and gold mines. The map's elaborate cartouche i...
- $1400 / ≈ €1310
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1644
Virginiae Partis Australis, et Floridae Partis Orientalis.
Blaeu based this map on the Mercator-Hondius of 1606. A number of geographical improvements, however were incorporated, although two large fictions lakes accompanied by e...
- $2000 / ≈ €1871
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1644
Mappa Aestivarum Insularum alias Barmudas.
Blaeu based his work on John Speed's remarkably accurate map of 1626-1627. It shows the island divided into tribes and lots, and below the map itself appear the names of ...
- $2000 / ≈ €1871
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1644
Curacao Eylandt.
One of the earliest separate maps of Curaçao. The map has nice topographical detail and features an ornate title cartouche. Published in de Laet's account of the history...
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1644
Insulae Americanae in Oceanus Septentrionali cum Terris..
General map of the West Indies extending from Virginia to the mouth of the Orinoco, and destined to be copied in various shapes by many other publishers.Title cartouche t...
- $2500 / ≈ €2339
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1644
Nova Virginiae Tabula.
The map is based on the first state of Smith's map, 1612, and is slightly larger and more expertly engraved. In 1629 the Hondius plate was purchased by Blaeu who deleted ...
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1644
Guiana sive Amazonum Regio.
Copper engraving, hand colored in outline when published. A highly decorative map showing Guiana extending westwards to Trinidad and Margarita Island, dominated by a huge...
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1645
Mappa Aestivarum Insularum, alias Barmudas.
This magnificent map is based on the famous survey by John Norwood of the Bermuda Company in 1618. The map shows the division into the original Tribes and shows the vario...
- $2000 / ≈ €1871
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1645
Mappa Aestivarum Insularum, alias Barmudas. . .
It shows the island divided into tribes and lots, and below the map itself appear the coats of arms of Bermuda and England and the names of the first proprietors and the ...
- $2000 / ≈ €1871
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1645
Mappa Aestivarum Insularum, alias Barmudas..
Based closely on Blaeu's map of 1630 but with a simpler centered title piece. The map includes the arms of Bermuda and England, and lists proprietors of the various tribe...
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1645
Americae Nova Tabula.
The delineation of the coast and the nomenclature on both the Pacific and Atlantic coasts are basically Spanish in origin and follow the maps of Ortelius and Wytfliet. To...
- $7500 / ≈ €7018
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1645
Brasilia.
Fine copy of this map by Krystof Arciszewski, a Polish general who worked for the Dutch West Indian Company. The map perpetuates various myths including the Parime Lago ,...
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1647
Insulae Americanae in Oceanus Septentrionali cum Terris..
General map of the West Indies extending from Virginia to the mouth of the Orinoco, and destined to be copied in various shapes by many other publishers. Title cartouche ...
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1647
Brasilia.
Striking old color example of Blaeu's second map of Brazil prepared by Krystof Arciszewski, a Polish general who worked for the Dutch West Indian Company. The map perpetu...
- $850 / ≈ €795
Place & Date: Amsterdam, 1647
Quartum Praelium Coniovian inter et Fluvium Rio Grande XVII Ian
Decorative engraving of the fourth sea battle with the Portuguese fleet offshore at the Rio Grande, in1640. Engraved by J. van Brosterhuyzen after a design by Frans J. Po...
- $500 / ≈ €468
Place & Date: Joannes Blaeu, Amsterdam 1647
Amerique Meridionale. Par N.Sanson d'Abbeville. . .
The first edition of a cornerstone South America map, the first to show the boundaries of many countries, regions, and provinces. Peru is shown governing a huge tract of ...
- $500 / ≈ €468
Place & Date: Paris, after 1650