Plan de Constantinople, non compris ses faubourgs. Grave d'apres les documents du ministere de la Guerre par E. Olivier. |
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$8000 / ≈ €7009This item is available for immediate sale! Questions before Buying ?
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Description
The ornate design on the top of the title is a tughra, which is a highly stylized and individualized signature (or monogram) of the reigning Ottoman Sultan.
This print has on cover a gold manuscript "Tughra" of Abdülmecid I, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1839-1861).
Abdülmecid I was a well-educated, liberal minded, and the first sultan to speak French. Abdülmecid continued the reform program of his father, Mahmud II, and was strongly assisted by his ministers, Mustafa Reşid Paşa, Mehmed Emin Âli Paşa, and Fuad Paşa.
The reform edicts were in part directed toward winning the support of European powers. The edicts proclaimed the equality of all citizens under the law and granted civil and political rights to the Christian subjects.
The primary purpose of the reforms, however, remained preserving the Ottoman state.
The army was reorganized (1842) and conscription introduced; new penal, commercial, and maritime codes were promulgated; and mixed civil and criminal courts with European and Ottoman judges were established. In 1858 a new land law confirming ownership rights was introduced, and an attempt was made to establish a new system of centralized provincial administration.
The sultan's educational reforms included forming a Ministry of Education and establishing military preparatory and secondary schools; he also established an Ottoman school in Paris (1855).
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Color Key
We offer many maps in their original black and white condition. We do not systematically color-up maps to make them more sellable to the general public or buyer.
Copper engraved or wood block maps are always hand colored. Maps were initially colored for aesthetic reasons and to improve readability. Nowadays, it is becoming a challenge to find maps in their original colors and are therefor more valuable.
We use the following color keys in our catalog:
Original colors; mean that the colors have been applied around the time the map was issued.
Original o/l colors; means the map has only the borders colored at the time of publication.
Colored; If the colors are applied recently or at the end of the 20th century.
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The cancellation period will expire 14 calendar days from the day after the date on which you or a third party (other than the carrier and indicated by you) acquires, physical possession of the lot. To exercise the right to cancel you must inform Paulus Swaen Europe bv, which is offering to sell the lot either as an agent for the seller or as the owner of the lot, of your decision to cancel this contract by a clear statement (e.g. a letter sent by post, or e-mail (amsterdam@swaen.com).
To meet the cancellation deadline, it is sufficient for you to send your communication concerning your exercise of the right to cancel before the cancellation period has expired.
