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1574 MÜNSTER, S. - It is the first map to show the New World as an entity, the earliest appearance of Japan on a map
Die neüwen Inseln/ so hinder Hispanien gegen Orient bey dem land Indie ligen. |
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Description
One of the earliest and most important separate maps showing both Americas. Although it was not the first map to use “America” as a designation for the New World, it was the appearance of the name in the 'Cosmographia,' an immensely popular work which went into some forty editions over a hundred years.
It is the first map to show the New World as an entity, the earliest appearance of Japan on a map, predating European contact, and the first appearance of Mare Pacificum on a map. It is a nicely decorated map showing Magellan’s ship, the Victoria, the only survivor of five vessels, and Brazil as the ‘place of the cannibals’ (Canibali).
Japan is entitled "Zipangi".
The Yucatan is still shown as an island; Cozumel is named nearby as Cozumela, and the lake at Temistitan is connected to the Gulf of Mexico.
The map comes from the German edition of Sebastian Münster’s Cosmography, titled “Cosmographey oder beschreibung aller Länder”, published in 1574 by Heinrich Petri in Basel. The woodblock of this map was used first in Münster’s ‘Geographia Universalis’ in 1540.
- Temistan is not shown (it appeared on the map from 1540 to 1552, but was removed in the 1554 and later editions and later re-added in 1572.
- Sciana is shown beneath the flag near Hispaniola.
- The phrase "Nova Insula . . . " appears below Novus Orbis in South America (the phrase first appeared in 1558 as "ova Insula . . ." and was changed to "Nova Insula . . . " in 1561.
Reference: Burden, 12.
Sebastian Münster (20 January 1488 - 26 May 1552)
A German cartographer, cosmographer, and Hebrew scholar. He was born in Niederingelheim, near Mainz, where Johannes Gutenberg invented movable-type printing in the 1460s. In 1505, Münster became a Franciscan monk and studied philosophy and theology at the order's university in Heidelberg. He produced his own edition of Ptolemy's Geographia in 1540, adding several significantly new maps to the modern section of the work. There were further editions of the Geographia in 1541, 1542, 1545 and 1552. All were printed in Basel in Latin. His two major works, the Geographia and the Cosmographia, continued to be published by his stepson, Heinrich Petri, long after Munster's death from the plague in 1552. Later editions of Munster's Cosmographia included updated maps.He wrote grammars, dictionaries and a Hebrew Bible with a Latin translation (1534–35), which made him well known across Europe.
He is also known for his writings on mathematics and astronomy. His treatises on sundials, instruments, and mathematics reflect his training in Tübingen.
- Early maps of Germany. From the late 1520s, he surveyed and mapped the German lands, relying on friends and local scholars for data.
- Ptolemy's Geographia (Basel, 1540). An edition that combined the classical Ptolemaic maps with new maps of the modern world, showing the continents as they were then understood.
- The Cosmographia (first edition 1544).
He is best known for his Cosmographia
First published in German in Basel by Heinrich Petri in 1544, the Cosmographia described every known region of the world: its geography, peoples, customs, history, natural wonders, and cities. Münster gathered material from classical and contemporary authors and also asked scholars, officials and travelers across Europe to contribute descriptions and views of their own regions, an early example of crowd-sourced scholarship.
The work was extraordinarily successful. The book appeared in more than forty editions between 1544 and 1650, in German, Latin, French, Italian, Czech and an abridged English version. His successors later enlarged editions, so the book's content changed considerably over the century.
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Die neüwen Inseln/ so hinder Hispanien gegen Orient bey dem land Indie ligen.
1574 MÜNSTER, S. - It is the first map to show the New World as an entity, the earliest appearance of Japan on a map
Date: Basle 1574
