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Manuscript map in brown ink showing the island Ternate centered on Gamalama (and fort Malayu. |
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Estimated value: $1500 - $2500 |
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Description
Gammolammo , or “ Big Town ” was Ternate's principal city and the sultan's residence.
Fort Malayo became the VOC Fort Oranje
To the right, we see fort Malayo which was built around 1522 by the Portuguese as a balancing force against the Spanish defense.
Eventually Malayo was occupied by the Spanish until 1606 when the Ternate Sultanate drove out the Spanish with the help of the VOC. As a reward the VOC were given permission by the Sultan to build a new fort at the same location as fort Malayo, which the Dutch called 'Fort Oranje' (Benteng Orange, in the city of Ternate).
Fort Oranje was one of the first permanent bases of the V.O.C. in Asia and became the seat of the V.O.C.’s Council of the Indies and the Governor General in 1610.
It was the de-facto center for the V.O.C. in Asia until Jan Pieterszoon Coen moved the administration to Batavia in 1619.
The VOC was later allowed to use and reinforce various other forts on Ternate island and signed several treaties with the Sultanate of Ternate until the the bankruptcy of the VOC in 1799.
Forts in Ternate
There are various forts that were used by the VOC that still remain on Ternate. The largest and historically most important is Fort Oranje, located in the crowded center of Ternate city. The fort has arrow-head bastions in each of its four corners named Zeebolwerk (the largest bastion on the southeast side near the sea), Klein Zeebolwerk, Gilolo and Rael. It is made of stone layers with an encircling ditch and the entrance gate is decorated with a crown on its top.
In 2008 and 2014 Fort Oranje underwent a revitalization program in which the moat and the buildings inside the fort were renovated. Fort Oranje is now used as a community space and there are plans for a spice museum to be set up.
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